Simple Past Tense (সাধারণ অতীত কাল): Simple Past Tense is used to express an action that started and finished at a definite time in the past.
যে কাজ অতীতে একটি নির্দিষ্ট সময়ে শুরু হয়ে শেষ হয়েছে, তাকে Simple Past Tense
বলে।
Structure (গঠন)
Affirmative (Positive):
Subject + Verb (2nd Form) + Object.
Negative:
Subject + did not (didn't) + Verb (Base Form) + Object.
Interrogative:
Did + Subject + Verb (Base Form) + Object + ?
Examples
1.
I
visited my grandmother yesterday.
আমি গতকাল আমার দাদীকে দেখতে গিয়েছিলাম।
2.
She
did not watch TV last night.
সে গত রাতে টিভি দেখেনি।
3.
Did
they play football after school?
তারা কি স্কুলের পরে ফুটবল খেলেছিল?
Past Continuous Tense (ঘটমান অতীত কাল)
Past Continuous Tense is used to express an action that was continuing at a specific time in the past.
অতীতের কোনো নির্দিষ্ট সময়ে যে কাজ চলমান ছিল, তাকে Past Continuous Tense বলে।
Structure (গঠন)
Affirmative (Positive):
Subject + was/were + Verb + ing + Object.
Negative:
Subject + was/were + not + Verb + ing + Object.
Interrogative:
Was/Were + Subject + Verb + ing + Object + ?
Examples
1.
I
was reading a story at 8 p.m.
আমি রাত ৮টায় একটি গল্প পড়ছিলাম।
2. They were not playing cricket in the afternoon.
তারা বিকেলে ক্রিকেট খেলছিল না।
3.
Was
she cooking dinner when you called?
তুমি ফোন করার সময় কি সে রাতের খাবার রান্না করছিল?
- গতকাল আমি আমার বন্ধুদের সঙ্গে স্কুলের লাইব্রেরিতে গিয়েছিলাম।
- সে গত রাতে অনেক যত্ন নিয়ে তার বাড়ির কাজ শেষ করেছিল।
- আমরা মাঠে আনন্দের সঙ্গে ফুটবল খেলছিলাম।
- মা রান্নাঘরে রাতের খাবার রান্না করছিলেন, আর আমি বই পড়ছিলাম।
- তারা বিকেলে পার্কে হাঁটছিল।
- আমি পরীক্ষার জন্য মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ছিলাম।
- শিশুরা স্কুলের মাঠে খেলছিল।
- বাবা অফিস থেকে বাড়ি ফিরছিলেন।
1. গতকাল আমি আমার বন্ধুদের সঙ্গে স্কুলের লাইব্রেরিতে গিয়েছিলাম।
Yesterday I went to the school library with my friends.
2. সে গত রাতে অনেক যত্ন নিয়ে তার বাড়ির কাজ শেষ করেছিল।
He/She finished his/her homework carefully last night.
3. আমরা মাঠে আনন্দের সঙ্গে ফুটবল খেলছিলাম
We were playing football happily in the field
4. মা রান্নাঘরে রাতের খাবার রান্না করছিলেন, আর আমি বই পড়ছিলাম।
Mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen, and I was reading a book.
5. তারা বিকেলে পার্কে হাঁটছিল
They
were walking in the park in the afternoon
6. আমি পরীক্ষার জন্য মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ছিলাম,
I
was studying carefully for the exam
7. শিশুরা স্কুলের মাঠে খেলছিল
The
children were playing in the school field
8. বাবা অফিস থেকে বাড়ি ফিরছিলেন
Father was returning home from the office
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs
2.
While
the students __________ (write) the test, the teacher __________ (walk) around
the classroom.
3.
We
__________ (not/see) the accident because we __________ (wait) inside the
building.
4.
My
mother __________ (cook) dinner when the electricity __________ (go) out.
5.
They
__________ (play) football yesterday.
6.
What
__________ you __________ (do) at 7:30 p.m. last night?
7.
The
baby __________ (sleep) when the phone __________ (ring).
8.
She
__________ (forget) her homework at home.
9.
While
I __________ (cross) the road, a bus __________ (stop) suddenly.
10.
The
children __________ (laugh) happily during the picnic.
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs
1.
Yesterday,
I __________ (visit) my uncle's house.
Answer: visited
2.
While
the students __________ (write) the test, the teacher __________ (walk) around
the classroom.
Answer: were writing, was walking
3.
We
__________ (not/see) the accident because we __________ (wait) inside the
building.
Answer: did not see, were waiting
4.
My
mother __________ (cook) dinner when the electricity __________ (go) out.
Answer: was cooking, went
5.
They
__________ (play) football yesterday.
Answer: played
6.
What
__________ you __________ (do) at 7:30 p.m. last night?
Answer: were, doing
7.
The
baby __________ (sleep) when the phone __________ (ring).
Answer: was sleeping, rang
8.
She
__________ (forget) her homework at home.
Answer: forgot
9.
While
I __________ (cross) the road, a bus __________ (stop) suddenly.
Answer: was crossing, stopped
10.
The
children __________ (laugh) happily during the picnic.
Answer: laughed
Choose the correct answer.
1.
While
I ________, my friend called me.
o
a)
slept
o
b)
was sleeping
o
c)
sleep
o
d)
am sleeping
2.
They
________ the museum last Friday.
o
a)
visit
o
b)
visited
o
c)
were visiting
o
d)
have visited
3.
The
boys ________ cricket when it started to rain.
o
a)
played
o
b)
were playing
o
c)
play
o
d)
have played
4.
She
________ breakfast before leaving home.
o
a)
ate
o
b)
was eating
o
c)
eats
o
d)
has eaten
5.
We
________ TV when our guests arrived.
o
a)
watched
o
b)
were watching
o
c)
watch
o
d)
have watched
6.
I
________ my bag in the classroom yesterday.
o
a)
leave
o
b)
left
o
c)
was leaving
o
d)
have left
7.
The
teacher ________ while the students were listening.
o
a)
explained
o
b)
explain
o
c)
was explaining
o
d)
has explained
8.
What
________ your father doing at that time?
o
a)
did
o
b)
was
o
c)
were
o
d)
has
9.
They
________ home because it was raining heavily.
o
a)
stayed
o
b)
stay
o
c)
were staying
o
d)
have stayed
10.
While
she ________ a book, her sister was drawing.
·
a)
read
·
b)
was reading
·
c)
reads
·
d)
has read
Rewrite the sentences as directed.
1.
He
played football yesterday. (Negative)
2.
They
were watching a movie. (Interrogative)
3.
I
wrote a letter last night. (Wh-question
with "What")
4.
She
was singing a song. (Negative)
5.
We
visited Cox's Bazar last winter. (Interrogative)
6.
The
boys were running in the field. (Wh-question
with "Where")
7.
My
father repaired the bicycle. (Negative)
8.
The
girls were dancing happily. (Interrogative)
9.
I
met my cousin yesterday. (Wh-question
with "Whom")
10. She was doing her homework. (Wh-question with "What")
Rewrite the
sentences as directed.
1. He played football yesterday. (Make it negative.)
Answer: He did not (didn't) play
football yesterday.
2. They were watching a movie. (Make it interrogative.)
Answer: Were they watching a movie?
3. I wrote a letter last night. (Make a Wh-question using "What")
Answer: What did you write last
night?
4. She was singing a song. (Make it negative.)
Answer: She was not (wasn't) singing a
song.
5. We visited Cox's Bazar last winter. (Make it interrogative.)
Answer: Did you visit Cox's Bazar
last winter?
6. The boys were running in the field. (Make a Wh-question using "Where")
Answer: Where were the boys running?
7. My father repaired the bicycle. (Make it negative.)
Answer: My father did not (didn't) repair
the bicycle.
8. The girls were dancing happily. (Make it interrogative.)
Answer: Were the girls dancing
happily?
9. I met my cousin yesterday. (Make a Wh-question using "Whom")
Answer: Whom did you meet yesterday?
10. She was doing her homework. (Make a Wh-question using "What")
Answer: What was she doing?
Correct the
mistakes.
1.
She
were reading a story.
2.
They
was playing football.
3.
I
did not went to school yesterday.
4.
While
I cooked, my brother played games.
5.
He
was saw the accident.
6.
We
was waiting for the bus.
7.
Did
she wrote the answer?
8.
The
children was making noise.
9.
They
didn't finished the project.
10.
My
father were driving the car.
Correct the mistakes
1. She were reading a story.
Answer: She was reading a story.
2. They was playing football.
Answer: They were playing football.
3. I did not went to school yesterday.
Answer: I did not go to school
yesterday.
4. While I cooked, my brother played games.
Answer: While I was cooking, my
brother was playing games.
5. He was saw the accident.
Answer: He saw the accident.
6. We was waiting for the bus.
Answer: We were waiting for the bus.
7. Did she wrote the answer?
Answer: Did she write the answer?
8. The children was making noise.
Answer: The children were making
noise.
9. They didn't finished the project.
Answer: They didn't finish the project.
10. My father were driving the car.
Answer: My father was driving the
car.
Make meaningful sentences from the jumbled words.
1.
yesterday
/ to / went / we / the / zoo
2.
reading
/ was / when / I / arrived / he
3.
playing
/ the / children / were / field / in / the
4.
letter
/ wrote / she / a / yesterday
5.
sleeping
/ the / baby / was / quietly
6.
while
/ cooking / dinner / mother / was / my
7.
rain
/ started / when / we / walking / were
8.
the
/ teacher / entered / students / talking / were / when
9.
last
/ they / won / match / the / week
10.
I
/ my / lost / yesterday / wallet
Make meaningful sentences from the jumbled words.
1. yesterday / to / went / we / the / zoo
Answer: We went to the zoo yesterday.
2. reading / was / when / I / arrived / he
Answer: He was reading when I arrived.
3. playing / the / children / were / field / in /
the
Answer: The children were playing in the field.
4. letter / wrote / she / a / yesterday
Answer: She wrote a letter yesterday.
5. sleeping / the / baby / was / quietly
Answer: The baby was sleeping quietly.
6. while / cooking / dinner / mother / was / my
Answer: My mother was cooking dinner.
7. rain / started / when / we / walking / were
Answer: We were walking when it started to rain.
8. the / teacher / entered / students / talking /
were / when
Answer: The students were talking when the teacher entered.
9. last / they / won / match / the / week
Answer: They won the match last week.
10. I / my / lost / yesterday / wallet
Answer: I lost my wallet yesterday.
Change the following words as directed and make sentences with the changed words:
a) decide (noun)
b) strong (noun)
c) success (adjective)
d) beauty (adjective)
e) appear (noun)
f) happy (noun)
g) education (verb)
Change the following words as directed
1.decide (noun) → decision
Sentence: I made a good decision.
2.strong (noun) →
strength
Sentence: Exercise gives us strength.
3.success (adjective)
→ successful
Sentence: She is a successful student.
4.beauty (adjective) →
beautiful
Sentence: The garden is beautiful.
5.education (verb) →
educate
Sentence: Teachers educate students.
6.appear (noun) →
appearance
Sentence: His appearance is neat.
7.happy (noun) →
happiness
Sentence: Happiness is important in life.
Part 1: Translate into English
1. গাছ আমাদের অক্সিজেন দেয়।
2. সায়মা প্রতিদিন সকালে পিয়ানো বাজায়।
3. তারা এইমাত্র মাঠে পৌঁছেছে।
4. তুমি কেন এখন কান্না করছ?
5. সরকার দেশের উন্নতির জন্য কঠোর পরিশ্রম করছে।
Part 1: Translate into English
1. গাছ আমাদের অক্সিজেন দেয়।
Answer: Trees give us oxygen.
2. সায়মা প্রতিদিন সকালে পিয়ানো বাজায়।
Answer: Sayma plays the piano
every morning.
3. তারা এইমাত্র মাঠে পৌঁছেছে।
Answer: They have just reached
the field.
4. তুমি কেন এখন কান্না করছ?
Answer: Why are you crying now?
5. সরকার দেশের উন্নতির জন্য কঠোর পরিশ্রম করছে।
Answer: The government is
working hard for the development of the country.
Part 2: Use the correct form of the
verbs in brackets.
1. The moon _________ (shine)
brightly at night.
2. Look! The train _________ (come)
now.
3. My sister _________ (write) three
poems this week.
4. I usually _________ (drink) tea in
the morning.
5. They _________ (decorate) the hall
room at the moment.
6. He _________ (live) in this city
since 2020.
7. Shanto _________ (not/receive) the
letter yet.
8. Listen! Someone _________ (knock)
at the door.
9. Water _________ (boil) at 100°C.
10.
The
laborers _________ (dig) a pond now.
Part 2: Complete the sentences
1. The moon _________ (shine) brightly at night.
Answer: shines
2. Look! The train _________ (come) now.
Answer: is coming
3. My sister _________ (write) three poems this
week.
Answer: has written
4. I usually _________ (drink) tea in the morning.
Answer: drink
5. They _________ (decorate) the hall room at the
moment.
Answer: are decorating
6. He _________ (live) in this city since 2020.
Answer: has lived
7. Shanto _________ (not/receive) the letter yet.
Answer: has not received
8. Listen! Someone _________ (knock) at the door.
Answer: is knocking
9. Water _________ (boil) at 100°C.
Answer: boils
10. The laborers _________ (dig) a pond now.
Answer: are digging
Part 3: Jumble Sentence Exercise
1. daily / newspapers / father /
reads / my.
2. assignment / she/ already / her /
submitted / has.
3. now / singing / a / is / song /
beautiful / Tasnim.
4. love / to / we / cricket / play /
weekend / on.
5. assignment / group / working / the
/ on / are / students / their.
6. ever / you / have / Taj Mahal /
visited / the?
7. outside / heavy / is / rain /
pouring / down.
8. truth / always / speaks / an /
honest / man / the.
9. just / the / left / station /
train / has / the.
10.
cooking
/ kitchen / in / the / is / grandmother / lunch.
Part 3: Jumble Sentence Exercise
1. daily / newspapers / father / reads / my.
Answer: My father reads
newspapers daily.
2. assignment / she / already / her / submitted /
has.
Answer: She has already
submitted her assignment.
3. now / singing / a / is / song / beautiful /
Tasnim.
Answer: Tasnim is singing a
beautiful song now.
4. love / to / we / cricket / play / weekend / on.
Answer: We love to play cricket
on weekends.
5. assignment / group / working / the / on / are /
students / their.
Answer: The students are working
on their group assignment.
6. ever / you / have / Taj Mahal / visited / the?
Answer: Have you ever visited
the Taj Mahal?
7. outside / heavy / is / rain / pouring / down.
Answer: Heavy rain is pouring
down outside.
8. truth / always / speaks / an / honest / man /
the.
Answer: An honest man always
speaks the truth.
9. just / the / left / station / train / has / the.
Answer: The train has just left
the station.
10. cooking / kitchen / in / the / is / grandmother
/ lunch.
Answer: Grandmother is cooking
lunch in the kitchen.
Part 4: Rewrite the Sentences (Change the tense as instructed)
1.
He eats an apple every day. (Present Continuous)
2.
The birds are flying in the sky. (Simple Present)
3.
I have bought a new camera. (Simple Present)
4.
My brother practices guitar every afternoon. (Present Continuous)
5.
She is learning French now. (Present Perfect)
Part 4: Rewrite the Sentences
1. He eats an apple every day. (Present Continuous)
Answer: He is eating an apple.
2. The birds are flying in the sky. (Simple Present)
Answer: The birds fly in the
sky.
3. I have bought a new camera. (Simple Present)
Answer: I buy a new camera.
4. My brother practices guitar every afternoon.
(Present Continuous)
Answer: My brother is practicing
the guitar.
5. She is learning French now. (Present Perfect)
Answer: She has learned French.
Part 5: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1.
My mother _________ delicious food every day.
o
a) is cooking
o
b) cooks
o
c) has cooked
2.
Keep quiet! The baby _________ in the room.
o
a) sleeps
o
b) is sleeping
o
c) has slept
3.
We _________ our breakfast already.
o
a) take
o
b) are taking
o
c) have taken
4.
The earth _________ around the sun.
o
a) moves
o
b) is moving
o
c) has moved
5.
They _________ television at the moment.
o
a) watch
o
b) are watching
o
c) have watched
6.
I _________ this movie three times.
o
a) see
o
b) am seeing
o
c) have seen
7.
She _________ her teeth twice a day.
o
a) brushes
o
b) is brushing
o
c) has brushed
8.
We _________ for our results right now.
o
a) wait
o
b) are waiting
o
c) have waited
9.
He _________ to London many times.
o
a) goes
o
b) is going
o
c) has gone
10.
The farmers _________ the field now.
o
a) plow
o
b) are plowing
o
c) have plowed
Part 6: Correct the Mistakes
1.
He is come to my house every Sunday.
2.
They has already completed the task.
3.
I am understanding your problem.
4.
Look! The boys are play in the rain.
5.
She have lived in Khulna for five years.
Part 6: Correct the Mistakes
1. He is come to my house every Sunday.
Answer: He comes to my house
every Sunday.
2. They has already completed the task.
Answer: They have already
completed the task.
3. I am understanding your problem.
Answer: I understand your
problem.
4. Look! The boys are play in the rain.
Answer: Look! The boys are
playing in the rain.
5. She have lived in Khulna for five years.
Answer: She has lived in Khulna
for five years.
Part 7: Complete the Conversation
Use the correct form of the
verbs in brackets.
A: What _________ you
_________ (cook) right now?
B: I _________ (make)
some pasta for dinner.
A: _________ you ever
_________ (taste) Italian food before?
B: Yes, I _________
(eat) lasagna at a restaurant last month.
A: How often _________
your family _________ (eat) out?
B: We usually
_________ (go) to a restaurant once a month.
Part 7: Complete the Conversation
A:
What are you cooking right now?
B:
I am making some pasta for
dinner.
A:
Have you ever tasted Italian food before?
B:
Yes, I ate lasagna at a
restaurant last month.
A:
How often does your family eat out?
B:
We usually go to a restaurant
once a month.
Subject–Verb Agreement & Right Form of Verbs
1. Neither the teacher nor the students ______ ready for the test. (be)
2. Each of the players ______ a certificate after the tournament. (receive)
3. The news ______ very surprising today. (be)
4. One of my friends ______ in Canada. (live)
5. Mathematics ______ my favorite subject. (be)
6. Neither Rafi nor his brother ______ how to solve the problem. (know)
7. The quality of these products ______ improved significantly. (have)
8. A number of students ______ absent today. (be)
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