IELTS পরীক্ষায় Vocabulary এর গুরুত্ব অপরিসীম। নিচে এর গুরুত্ব ৪টি পয়েন্টে দেওয়া হলো:
1. লেক্সিক্যাল রিসোর্স
(Lexical Resource): রাইটিং
এবং স্পিকিং
সেকশনে মোট
ব্যান্ডের ২৫% নম্বর নির্ধারিত
থাকে শব্দভাণ্ডারের
বৈচিত্র্যের ওপর।
2.
প্যারাফ্রেজিং (Paraphrasing): লিসেনিং এবং রিডিং-এ প্রশ্নগুলো সরাসরি না দিয়ে সমার্থক শব্দ বা ভিন্নভাবে উপস্থাপন করা হয়, যা বোঝার জন্য ভালো ভোকাবুলারি প্রয়োজন।
3.
নির্ভুলতা ও স্পষ্টতা: সঠিক শব্দ ব্যবহারের মাধ্যমে মনের ভাব স্পষ্টভাবে প্রকাশ করা যায় এবং পুনরাবৃত্তি
এড়িয়ে ব্যান্ড স্কোর বাড়ানো সম্ভব হয়।
4.
জটিল বিষয়বস্তু অনুধাবন: একাডেমিক রিডিং প্যাসেজ এবং লিসেনিং লেকচারগুলোর
গভীর অর্থ বোঝার জন্য উন্নত শব্দভাণ্ডার থাকা জরুরি।
IELTS Vocabulary Challenge: The Impact of Urbanization
Part 1: Fill in the Blanks
Choose the most appropriate word from the box
below to complete the sentences. Each word should be used in its correct
grammatical form.
Mitigate | Infrastructure |
Proliferation | Sustainable | Disparity | Congestion
1.
The rapid __________
of high-rise apartments has significantly altered the city’s skyline over the
last decade.
2.
Local governments must
invest in better __________—such as bridges and sewage systems—to support a
growing population.
3.
To __________ the
effects of air pollution, the city council has introduced a
"no-drive" zone in the city center.
4.
There is a widening
wealth __________ between those living in the redeveloped docks and those in
the neglected suburbs.
5.
Traffic __________
remains the primary complaint for commuters who spend hours stuck in gridlock
every morning.
6.
Urban planners are
pushing for more __________ energy sources, such as solar panels on public
buildings.
Part 2: Collocation Match-up
In the IELTS Speaking
and Writing tests, using "words that naturally go together"
(collocations) is vital. Match the Adjective on the
left with the Noun on the right.
|
Adjective |
Noun |
|
1. Densely |
A. Amenities |
|
2. Urban |
B. Population |
|
3. Commuter |
C. Sprawl |
|
4. Modern |
D. Populated |
|
5. Soaring |
E. Belt |
|
6. Rural |
F. Prices |
Exercise 1: Environmental Science (Topic: Climate Change)
Task: Choose the correct word
form.
In the IELTS, using
the wrong part of speech (using a noun instead of an adjective) can lower your
score.
1.
The (deteriorate / deterioration) of the ozone layer has
led to increased UV radiation.
2.
Many species are
facing (extinct / extinction) due to habitat loss.
3.
It is (imperative / imperatively) that nations reduce their
carbon footprint.
4.
The government has
implemented (strict / strictly) regulations on industrial waste.
5.
Scientists are
concerned about the (irreversible / irreversibly)
damage caused by melting ice caps.
Exercise 2: Technology & Society (Topic: Automation)
Task: Match the word to its
definition.
These are "high-level" words often
found in Reading passages about the future of work.
|
Word |
Definition |
|
1. Ubiquitous |
A. To replace or take the
place of someone/something. |
|
2. Supersede |
B. Present, appearing, or
found everywhere. |
|
3. Obsolete |
C. A person who is new to or
inexperienced in a field. |
|
4. Neophyte |
D. No longer produced or
used; out of date. |
|
5. Automate |
E. To convert a process so it
is operated by machines. |
Exercise 3: Education (Topic: Academic Success)
Task: Synonyms. In the Listening and Reading tests, the
question usually uses a synonym of the word in the text. Choose the synonym for
the bold word.
1.
Schools should cultivate a love for learning.
o A) Ignore | B) Foster | C) Limit
2.
The curriculum is
often criticized for being too stringent.
o A) Flexible | B) Boring | C) Rigid
3.
Students must learn to
assimilate complex information quickly.
o A) Absorb | B) Forget | C) Distribute
4.
A holistic approach to education includes physical health
and art.
o A) Narrow | B) Comprehensive | C) Logical
5.
Financial grants are pivotal for low-income students.
o A) Optional | B) Crucial | C) Minor
Exercise 4: Economics (Topic: Globalization)
Task: Fill in the Blanks.
Outsourcing | Domestic |
Monopolize | Revenue | Tariff
1.
Many companies lower
costs by __________ their manufacturing to countries with cheaper labor.
2.
A high __________ on
imported goods can protect local businesses from foreign competition.
3.
Small shops often
struggle when giant corporations __________ the local market.
4.
The country’s
__________ products are often higher quality than those imported from abroad.
5.
The government plans
to increase __________ by raising taxes on luxury goods.
Exercise 1: Technology & Automation
Task: Fill in the gaps with the
correct verb from the list. Change the tense if necessary.
Enhance | Diminish |
Revolutionize | Interact | Adapt
1.
The introduction of AI
has _________ the way we approach data analysis in the workplace.
2.
Humans must learn to
_________ to a rapidly changing digital landscape to remain employable.
3.
While technology can
_________ productivity, it can also lead to a shorter attention span.
4.
Social media allows
individuals to _________ with people from diverse cultures instantly.
5.
The value of manual
labor has _________ as machines take over repetitive tasks.
Exercise 2: The Environment (Cause & Effect)
Task: Complete the sentences
using the correct form of the words in brackets.
Note: You may need to change a
noun to a verb or vice-versa.
1.
Deforestation
_________ (exacerbate) the effects of global warming by reducing carbon
absorption.
2.
The government is
being urged to _________ (enforce) stricter laws on plastic waste.
3.
Scientists have
_________ (indication) that sea levels are rising faster than previously
predicted.
4.
We must _________
(priority) the development of renewable energy over fossil fuels.
5.
Urban expansion often
_________ (encroachment) upon the natural habitats of endangered species.
Exercise 3: Education & Development
Task: Choose the correct
"Academic Verb" to complete the sentence.
1.
Students are expected
to _________ their arguments with evidence from reliable sources.
o A) Bolster | B) Say | C) Stand
2.
The university
_________ a wide range of extracurricular activities for its students.
o A) Deals | B) Facilitates | C) Works
3.
It is difficult to
_________ the long-term impact of remote learning on social skills.
o A) Guess | B) Regulate | C) Gauge
4.
Many graduates
struggle to _________ their theoretical knowledge into practical skills.
o A) Translate | B) Move | C) Switch
5.
Schools should
_________ students to think critically rather than just memorizing facts.
o A) Force | B) Empower | C) Let
Exercise 4: Society & Crime
Task: Phrasal Verbs. Fill in
the gaps with the correct preposition.
Down | Up | Out | Away | Into
1.
The government plans
to crack _________ on white-collar crime this year.
2.
Community service can
help offenders phase _________ of a life of crime.
3.
Social workers are
looking _________ the root causes of juvenile delinquency.
4.
We must not brush
_________ the importance of mental health in rehabilitation.
5.
High poverty rates
often lead _________ an increase in petty theft.
Exercise 5: Psychology & Health
Task: Choose the word that best
fits the context.
1.
Constant exposure to
noise can _________ stress levels and affect sleep quality.
o A) Elevate | B) Lift | C) Grow
2.
Regular exercise is
known to _________ endorphins, which improve mood.
o A) Give | B) Trigger | C) Start
3.
A sedentary lifestyle
_________ a significant risk to cardiovascular health.
o A) Puts | B) Makes | C) Poses
4.
It is essential to
_________ a healthy balance between work and personal life.
o A) Keep | B) Maintain | C) Hold
5.
Cognitive therapy helps
patients _________ negative thought patterns.
o A) Eradicate | B) Kill | C) Stop
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