Grammar Exercise(Book)

 

PAGE 1

Activity 1A Language Focus: Simple Tenses

1 Read these sentences. Write whether they are in the past, present, or future simple tense.

·         a. The scientist observed the chemical reaction under a microscope.

o    Answer: _____________________

·         b. We will protect the fragile ecosystems from further damage.

o    Answer: _____________________

·         c. The ocean water is exceptionally clear near the coral reef.

o    Answer: _____________________

·         d. A dark shadow fell across the valley as the sun dropped behind the peak.

o    Answer: _____________________

·         e. The weather conditions will become increasingly hazardous by midnight.

o    Answer: _____________________

·         f. Antarctica is usually a bitterly cold continent.

o    Answer: _____________________

2 Match the simple verb tense explanations with the correct form of the tense.

Explanation	Tense Form
1. This tense is formed using regular verbs that end in -d or -ed, or irregular verbs that change their base spelling entirely.	A. Present simple tense
2. This tense is formed using regular base verbs, often ending in -s or -es when paired with third-person singular subjects.	B. Past simple tense
3. This tense is formed using the auxiliary word will followed by the base form of the verb.	C. Future simple tense

3 Write your own sentences.

·         a. Write a sentence using the present simple tense that gives a direction or an instruction.

o    Your sentence: ___________________________________________________________

·         b. Write a sentence using the past simple tense of the irregular verb 'flew'.

o    Your sentence: ___________________________________________________________

PAGE 2

Activity 1B Language Focus: More about Connectives

1 Join the two sentences using the connective in brackets. Rewrite the new sentence.

·         a. The siren wailed. The residents headed to the storm shelter. (if)

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         b. The floodwaters receded. The sun broke through the clouds. (as)

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         c. The team tried to hike up the trail. The wind was incredibly fierce. (although)

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         d. The blizzard was finally over. Volunteers cleared the main pathways. (when)

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         e. We would review our emergency notes. We could recharge the shortwave radio. (until)

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         f. The villagers heard the rumble. They evacuated to high ground immediately. (when)

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

2 Write your own sentences using these connectives.

·         after: ______________________________________________________________________

·         so that: ______________________________________________________________________

·         whenever: ______________________________________________________________________

PAGE 3

Activity 2A Language Focus: More about Quantifiers (Both / Neither / Either)

1 Read the sentences. Add the missing quantifiers (Both, Neither, Either).

·         a. _______________ Cheetah and Leopard prefer hunting in the tall savannah grass.

·         b. _______________ explorer was able to safely cross the treacherous, icy crevasse.

·         c. "Finding _______________ option satisfies our timeline," thought the team lead.

·         d. _______________ witness was completely certain if the car had stopped at the light.

·         e. _______________ pathways were blocked off due to structural damage from the storm.

2 Rewrite the sentences by using the quantifiers in the brackets. Adjust the sentence structure where necessary.

·         a. There were emergency exits on either end of the long hallway. (both)

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         b. Neither competitor could finish the marathon. (either)

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         c. Either strategy will work for our project. (neither)

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

PAGE 4

Activity 2B Language Focus: More Subject-Verb Agreement Rules

1 Circle the correct form of the verb in brackets.

·         a. Nobody (wants / want) to camp out in an unsafe area.

·         b. Everyone (has / have) a civic responsibility to conserve fresh water.

·         c. Someone (is / are) sorting through the plastic bins for the sorting project.

·         d. Each participant (get / gets) a badge for attending the wilderness workshop.

·         e. Nobody (likes / like) finding trash left behind on the hiking trails.

·         f. No one (understands / understand) the complex instructions on the back of the manual.

·         g. Neither Maria nor her sisters (are / is) volunteering at the animal rescue today.

·         h. Neither option (seems / seem) optimal given our short timeline.

·         i. Either old newspapers or clean cardboard (is / are) required to start the compost pile.

·         j. Neither the flowers nor the bushes (needs / need) extra fertilizer this season.

2 Rearrange the words to create a sentence. Use the correct form of the verb in brackets.

·         a. (to be) checking in / at the front desk / neither Leo nor Maya

o    Sentence: ___________________________________________________________

·         b. for half price / at the market / (to be) / today / everything

o    Sentence: ___________________________________________________________

·         c. (want) / in freezing weather / to walk / nobody / down to the lake

o    Sentence: ___________________________________________________________

·         d. their own safety kit / each hiker / to the trail / (bring)

o    Sentence: ___________________________________________________________

·         e. the computer tower / responsible for / either the kitten or the puppy / (to be) / tipping over

o    Sentence: ___________________________________________________________

PAGE 5

Activity 3A Language Focus: Direct and Indirect Speech

1 Rewrite each sentence using indirect (reported) speech.

·         a. Uncle Henry asked Sarah, "How is the engine running?"

o    Rewrite: Uncle Henry asked Sarah ______________________________________

·         b. "It is running smoothly," Sarah replied.

o    Rewrite: Sarah replied that ____________________________________________

·         c. "Have you checked the oil level?" asked her uncle.

o    Rewrite: Her uncle asked her if _________________________________________

·         d. The tall mechanic remarked, "Excellent modifications you've installed here."

o    Rewrite: The tall mechanic remarked that _________________________________

·         e. "My name is Arthur," said the shop foreman.

o    Rewrite: The shop foreman stated that ____________________________________

2 Rewrite each sentence using direct speech.

·         a. Sarah’s uncle told her that she must wear safety goggles.

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         b. Arthur mentioned that Sarah’s blueprint looked accurate.

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         c. The judge announced that the science fair was ready to begin.

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         d. Sarah told Arthur to hold the flashlight.

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         e. Arthur said that Sarah was a brilliant designer.

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

·         f. The instructor reminded us that we should tidy our workspaces at all times.

o    Rewrite: ___________________________________________________________

PAGE 6

Activity 3B Language Focus: Quantifiers (Amount and Quantity)

1 Underline the quantifier in each sentence. Circle the noun or noun phrase to which it refers.

·         a. There are a few gliders entered in the afternoon flight exhibition.

·         b. I have a lot of work left to finish on my scale solar system model.

·         c. There are several girls testing their code on the programmable robots.

·         d. The blue solar car frame had some scratches after the trial run.

·         e. Have you spent any time calibrating your drone's compass?

·         f. I only need a little solder to connect the copper wires on the circuit board.

2 Fill in the correct quantifier in each sentence. Choose from the words in the box.

much     many     all       no       some

fw      neither  each      any      enough

·   a. David calibrated carefully, making sure he hadn't left _______________ measurement off his design layout.

·         b. David noticed _______________ major flaws with his original bridge model before testing it.

·         c. David tried his absolute best in _______________ the school engineering events.

·         d. _______________ gliders would stall prematurely because their wing placement was too far back from the nose.

·         e. David was not concerned that he had _______________ direct rivals who could outperform him.

·         f. David observed that _______________ model entry in the pavilion met the strict size constraints.

·         g. I cannot read these design schematics when there is too _______________ glare on the screen.